Standard
Error
TOTAL POPULATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 634,238 3,808
SEX
Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307,159 2,880
Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327,079 2,929
AGE
Under 3 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,443 1,040
3 to 4 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,901 852
5 to 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107,314 1,935
18 to 24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,738 1,713
25 to 34 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,485 2,071
35 to 44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105,740 1,923
45 to 54 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,619 1,559
55 to 61 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,153 1,070
62 to 64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,359 663
65 to 74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,357 1,123
75 to 84 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,329 883
85 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,800 432
Median age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.1 0.2
Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154,658 2,260
Percent of total population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.4% 0.3
65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,486 1,467
Percent of total population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2% 0.2
HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE
Total households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284,348 1,310
Family households (families) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158,841 2,016
Married-couple families . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105,017 1,780
Percent of total households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.9% 0.6
Other family, male householder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,187 681
Other family, female householder . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41,637 1,217
Nonfamily households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,507 1,889
Percent of total households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.1% 0.6
Householder living alone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97,229 1,732
Householder 65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,434 926
Persons living in households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 634,238 3,808
Persons per household . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.23 0.02
RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN
White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 448,720 4,229
Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159,836 3,123
Percent of total population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.2% 0.5
American Indian, Eskimo, and Aleut . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,872 456
Percent of total population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5% 0.2
Asian and Pacific Islander . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,674 1,124
Percent of total population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8% 0.2
Other race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,136 610
Hispanic origin (of any race) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,787 796
Percent of total population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4% 0.2
White, not of Hispanic origin (of any race) . . . . . . . . . 444,776 4,225
Percent of total population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.1% 0.5
SCHOOL ENROLLMENT
Persons 3 years and over enrolled in school . . . . . . 180,161 2,402
Preprimary school . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,694 777
Elementary or high school . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99,015 1,867
Vocational, technical, or business school . . . . . . . . . . 6,680 509
College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,772 1,471
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Persons 25 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397,842 3,054
Less than 9th grade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,038 786
9th to 12th grade, no diploma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48,162 1,339
High school graduate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105,455 1,920
Some college, no degree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76,646 1,663
Vocational, technical, or business school degree . . . . . . 20,127 878
Associate degree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,370 862
Bachelor's degree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77,311 1,670
Graduate or professional degree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,733 1,145
Percent high school graduate or higher . . . . . . . . . . . 83.9% 0.4
Percent bachelor's degree or higher . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.2% 0.4
RESIDENCE 5 YEARS AGO
Persons 5 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 586,894 3,063
Same house 5 years ago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248,060 3,679
Different house in the U.S. 5 years ago . . . . . . . . . . . 329,007 4,000
Same county . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216,390 3,508
Different county . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112,617 2,695
Same State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,246 1,948
Different State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57,371 1,983
Abroad 5 years ago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,827 841
DISABILITY STATUS OF CIVILIAN NONINSTITUTIONALIZED
PERSONS 5 YEARS OLD AND OVER
Persons 5 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 586,429 3,063
With a disability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,392 1,589
Persons 5 to 15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91,537 1,803
With one or more functional limitations . . . . . . . . . . . 2,874 335
Seeing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,758 262
Hearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 935 191
Walking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 568 149
Persons 16 to 64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436,406 3,093
With a disability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41,539 1,248
With one or more functional limitations . . . . . . . . . . . 32,147 1,103
Seeing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,473 694
Hearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,548 576
Walking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,648 889
Difficulty going outside alone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,423 720
Prevented from working . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,602 930
Persons 65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,486 1,467
With a disability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,979 976
With one or more functional limitations . . . . . . . . . . . 22,445 926
Seeing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,688 580
Hearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,275 567
Walking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,252 791
Difficulty going outside alone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,282 661
CHILDREN EVER BORN PER 1,000 WOMEN
Women 15 to 24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315 23
Women 25 to 34 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,138 39
Women 35 to 44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,722 56
VETERAN STATUS
Civilian veterans 16 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,486 1,334
65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,081 693
NATIVITY AND PLACE OF BIRTH
Native population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 606,014 4,143
Percent born in State of residence . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.0% 0.5
Foreign-born population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,224 1,412
Entered U.S. 1990 to 1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,780 958
LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME
Persons 5 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 586,894 3,063
Speak a language other than English . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39,327 1,437
Do not speak English "very well" . . . . . . . . . . . 14,053 870
Speak Spanish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,467 716
Do not speak English "very well" . . . . . . . . . . . 2,566 374
Speak Asian and Pacific Island language . . . . . . . . . 11,939 803
Do not speak English "very well" . . . . . . . . . . . 6,276 584
ANCESTRY
Total ancestries reported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 749,169 7,776
Arab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,684 517
Austrian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,451 325
Belgian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 135
Canadian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 671 221
Czech . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,937 462
Danish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 687 223
Dutch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,596 1,057
English . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,030 2,118
Finnish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,098 282
French (except Basque) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,984 1,036
French Canadian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,026 273
German . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154,219 3,078
Greek . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,547 507
Hungarian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,702 642
Irish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99,306 2,550
Italian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,947 1,629
Lithuanian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 666 220
Norwegian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,684 350
Polish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,353 942
Portuguese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 539 198
Romanian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 919 258
Russian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,995 538
Scotch-Irish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,802 995
Scottish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,962 927
Slovak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,200 400
Subsaharan African . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,071 809
Swedish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,451 568
Swiss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,056 471
Ukrainian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,318 309
United States or American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39,873 1,669
Welsh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,629 875
West Indian (excluding Hispanic origin groups) . . . . . . . 734 231
Yugoslavian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,173 397
Other ancestries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220,691 3,533
LABOR FORCE STATUS
Persons 16 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495,357 3,115
In labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364,351 2,730
Percent in labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.6% 0.4
Civilian labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363,886 2,730
Employed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344,280 2,696
Unemployed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,606 788
Percent unemployed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4% 0.2
Armed Forces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465 123
Not in labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131,006 1,917
Males 16 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234,949 2,649
In labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187,152 2,216
Percent in labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.7% 0.5
Civilian labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186,848 2,214
Employed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178,139 2,174
Unemployed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,709 528
Percent unemployed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.7% 0.3
Armed Forces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304 99
Not in labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47,797 1,213
Females 16 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260,408 2,741
In labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177,199 2,169
Percent in labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.0% 0.5
Civilian labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177,038 2,169
Employed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166,141 2,115
Unemployed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,897 590
Percent unemployed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2% 0.3
Armed Forces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 90
Not in labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83,209 1,570
Females 16 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260,408 2,741
With own children under 6 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39,590 1,330
Percent in labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.1% 1.5
With own children 6 to 17 years only . . . . . . . . . . . . 38,217 1,308
Percent in labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.5% 1.3
Own children under 6 years in families and subfamilies . 53,437 1,534
All parents present in household in labor force . . . . . . . 36,990 1,288
Own children 6 to 17 years in families and subfamilies . 90,753 1,959
All parents present in household in labor force . . . . . . . 68,156 1,719
Persons 16 to 19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,525 1,093
Not enrolled in school and not high school graduate . . . . . 3,925 391
Employed or in Armed Forces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,805 265
Unemployed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,093 207
Not in labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,027 200
COMMUTING TO WORK
Workers 16 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333,906 2,944
Car, truck, or van--drove alone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266,000 2,760
Car, truck, or van--carpooled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36,322 1,170
Public transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,782 675
Walked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,681 580
Other means . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,143 350
Worked at home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,978 556
Mean travel time to work (minutes) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.8 0.2
OCCUPATION
Employed persons 16 years and over . . . . . . . . . . 344,280 2,966
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations . . . . 51,741 1,385
Professional specialty occupations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,682 1,434
Technicians and related support occupations . . . . . . . . . 13,116 712
Sales occupations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,411 1,302
Administrative support occupations, including clerical . . . 62,004 1,508
Private household occupations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,222 219
Protective service occupations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,712 471
Service occupations, except protective and household . . . . 39,666 1,221
Farming, forestry, and fishing occupations . . . . . . . . . 2,424 308
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations . . . . . 24,513 967
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors . . . . . . . . 14,169 739
Transportation and material moving occupations . . . . . . . 13,192 714
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers . . . . . 15,428 771
INDUSTRY
Employed persons 16 years and over . . . . . . . . . . 344,280 2,966
Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,689 324
Mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 99
Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,110 787
Manufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,533 1,158
Transportation, communications and other public utilities . . 24,317 963
Wholesale trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,562 723
Retail trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,237 1,608
Finance, insurance, and real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,552 1,110
Business and repair services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,361 1,038
Personal services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,020 623
Entertainment and recreation services . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,758 473
Professional and related services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83,114 1,726
Public administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,965 896
CLASS OF WORKER
Employed persons 16 years and over . . . . . . . . . . 344,280 2,966
Private for profit wage and salary workers . . . . . . . . . 241,346 2,673
Private not-for-profit wage and salary workers . . . . . . . 28,708 1,044
Local government workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,913 830
State government workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,145 1,016
Federal government workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,116 526
Self-employed workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,687 911
Unpaid family workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365 119
1997 ADJUSTED INCOME
Households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284,348 1,310
Less than $5,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,673 639
$5,000 to $9,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,620 973
$10,000 to $14,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23,673 937
$15,000 to $24,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48,017 1,297
$25,000 to $34,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41,124 1,210
$35,000 to $49,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,339 1,313
$50,000 to $74,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,296 1,369
$75,000 to $99,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,772 839
$100,000 to $149,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,933 617
$150,000 or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,901 336
Median household income (1997 adjusted dollars) . . . . . 32,998 560
Families . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158,841 1,283
Less than $5,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,682 424
$5,000 to $9,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,214 558
$10,000 to $14,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,017 584
$15,000 to $24,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,104 871
$25,000 to $34,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,496 879
$35,000 to $49,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,539 1,028
$50,000 to $74,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38,424 1,133
$75,000 to $99,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,904 742
$100,000 to $149,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,994 551
$150,000 or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,467 309
Median family income (1997 adjusted dollars) . . . . . . 41,757 714
Nonfamily households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,507 1,202
Less than $5,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,674 507
$5,000 to $9,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,612 814
$10,000 to $14,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,617 768
$15,000 to $24,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,665 1,009
$25,000 to $34,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,316 872
$35,000 to $49,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,131 825
$50,000 to $74,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,272 736
$75,000 to $99,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,033 343
$100,000 to $149,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,800 265
$150,000 or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387 123
Median nonfamily household income (1997 adjusted dollars) . . 23,100 463
Per capita income (1997 adjusted dollars) . . . . . . . . . . 17,805 182
INCOME TYPE
Households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284,348 1,310
With wage or salary income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234,209 1,541
Mean wage or salary income (1997 adjusted dollars) . . . 40,131 468
With self-employment income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,021 738
Mean self-employment income (1997 adjusted dollars) . . . 17,939 1,234
With Social Security income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,934 1,008
Mean Social Security income (1997 adjusted dollars) . . . 9,278 182
With retirement income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,990 849
Mean retirement income (1997 adjusted dollars) . . . . . 11,888 345
With public assistance income or noncash benefit(s) . . . . 48,198 945
POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS
All persons for whom poverty status is determined . . . . 630,683 3,544
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 98,542 2,202
Persons 18 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479,580 3,114
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 65,880 1,833
Persons 65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,486 1,467
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 7,849 652
Related children under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150,566 2,235
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 32,163 1,605
Related children under 5 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,915 1,309
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 10,853 943
Related children 5 to 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104,651 1,914
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 21,310 1,314
Unrelated individuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170,111 2,348
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 40,623 1,796
All families . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158,841 1,283
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 18,176 814
With related children under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . 88,944 1,517
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 15,303 751
With related children under 5 years . . . . . . . . . . . 38,437 1,133
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 8,135 555
Female householder, no husband present families . . . . . 41,637 1,171
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 11,894 667
With related children under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,798 1,017
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 10,976 641
With related children under 5 years . . . . . . . . . . . 11,974 669
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 5,527 460
Percent below poverty level:
All persons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.6% 0.3
Persons 18 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.7% 0.4
Persons 65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.4% 1.0
Related children under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.4% 1.0
Related children under 5 years . . . . . . . . . . . 23.6% 1.8
Related children 5 to 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . 20.4% 1.1
Unrelated individuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.9% 0.8
All families . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.4% 0.5
With related children under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . 17.2% 0.8
With related children under 5 years . . . . . . . . . 21.2% 1.3
Female householder, no husband families . . . . . . . . . . . 28.6% 1.4
With related children under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . 36.8% 1.7
With related children under 5 years . . . . . . . . . 46.2% 2.8
TOTAL HOUSING UNITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310,538 1,082
UNITS IN STRUCTURE
1-unit, detached . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143,291 1,785
1-unit, attached . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,037 891
2 to 4 units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48,342 1,183
5 to 9 units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,660 1,057
10 or more units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,495 1,226
Mobile home or trailer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,713 295
Boat, RV, van, etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 90
YEAR STRUCTURE BUILT
1990 or later . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,993 952
1980 to 1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57,099 1,271
1970 to 1979 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,783 1,306
1960 to 1969 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48,567 1,185
1950 to 1959 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40,814 1,097
1940 to 1949 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,504 832
1939 or earlier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,778 1,208
AGE OF STRUCTURE
Less than 2.0 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,444 377
2.0 to 4.9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,802 610
5.0 to 9.9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,975 906
10.0 to 19.9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,847 1,240
20.0 to 29.9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,574 1,295
30.0 to 39.9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47,077 1,169
40.0 to 49.9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,255 1,052
50.0 years or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,564 1,382
BEDROOMS
No bedroom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,030 441
1 bedroom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47,618 1,292
2 bedrooms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110,430 1,812
3 bedrooms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110,450 1,812
4 bedrooms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,920 1,093
5 or more bedrooms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,090 398
SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS
Lacking complete plumbing facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,568 377
Lacking complete kitchen facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,583 497
Owner-occupied condominium housing units . . . . . . . . . . 12,766 570
With central heating system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301,192 1,265
With air conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242,044 1,708
SOURCE OF WATER
Public system or private company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309,000 1,266
Individual drilled well . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,255 219
Individual dug well . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 56
Some other source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 110
SEWAGE DISPOSAL
Public sewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307,549 1,215
Septic tank or cesspool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,635 327
Other means . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354 126
VACANT HOUSING UNITS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,190 1,519
VACANCY CHARACTERISTICS
For rent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,836 1,038
For sale only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,570 575
For seasonal, recreational, or occasional use . . . . . . . . 2,957 524
All other vacants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,827 848
Homeowner vacancy rate (percent) . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5% 0.6
Rental vacancy rate (percent) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5% 0.6
OCCUPIED HOUSING UNITS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284,348 1,871
OCCUPANCY AND TENURE
Owner occupied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139,107 1,771
Percent owner occupied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.9% 0.5
Renter occupied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145,241 1,792
Persons per owner-occupied unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.43 0.03
Persons per renter-occupied unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.04 0.02
Units with over 1 person per room . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,206 408
RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN OF HOUSEHOLDER
White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208,602 1,919
Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,954 1,351
Percent of occupied units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.2% 0.5
American Indian, Eskimo, and Aleut . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,252 201
Percent of occupied units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.4% 0.2
Asian and Pacific Islander . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,829 466
Percent of occupied units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4% 0.2
Other race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,711 235
Hispanic origin (of any race) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,248 388
Percent of occupied units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1% 0.3
HOUSE HEATING FUEL
Utility gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219,459 1,732
Bottled, tank, or LP gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,068 232
Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,471 1,173
Fuel oil, kerosene, etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,131 172
Coal or coke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 81
Wood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400 102
Solar energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 81
Other fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 539 119
No fuel used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280 86
LENGTH AT RESIDENCE
Less than 12 months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,506 1,482
1.0 to 1.9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,422 1,240
2.0 to 4.9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,341 1,412
5.0 to 9.9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,794 1,245
10.0 to 19.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,347 1,100
20.0 to 29.9 .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,394 893
30.0 years or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,544 834
TELEPHONE
No telephone in unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,623 605
VEHICLES AVAILABLE
None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,404 1,038
1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116,773 1,846
2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106,146 1,787
3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,227 966
4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,383 456
5 or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,415 235
SPECIFIED OWNER-OCCUPIED UNITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127,018 1,896
VALUE
Less than $50,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,307 597
$50,000 to $99,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,164 1,470
$100,000 to $149,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,731 1,164
$150,000 to $199,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,587 636
$200,000 to $299,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,671 377
$300,000 to $499,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,267 222
$500,000 or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291 107
Median (dollars) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90,000 3,892
MORTGAGE STATUS AND SELECTED MONTHLY OWNER COSTS
With a mortgage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101,471 1,759
Less than $300 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,262 222
$300 to $499 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,725 545
$500 to $699 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,055 845
$700 to $999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,426 1,160
$1,000 to $1,499 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,553 1,040
$1,500 to $1,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,582 421
$2,000 or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,868 270
Median (dollars) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 887 8
Not mortgaged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,547 972
Less than $100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 99
$100 to $199 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,174 402
$200 to $299 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,815 643
$300 to $399 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,336 494
$400 or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,062 397
Median (dollars) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278 6
MORTGAGE STATUS BY SELECTED MONTHLY OWNER COSTS AS A
PERCENTAGE OF 1997 ADJUSTED HOUSEHOLD INCOME
With a mortgage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101,471 1,759
Less than 20 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,898 1,271
20 to 24 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,168 848
25 to 29 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,631 693
30 to 34 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,880 515
35 percent or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,740 794
Not computed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 99
Not mortgaged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,547 972
Less than 10 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,334 598
10 to 14 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,858 476
15 to 19 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,075 398
20 to 24 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,009 280
25 to 29 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,216 218
30 to 34 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 978 195
35 percent or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,953 276
Not computed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 99
SPECIFIED RENTER-OCCUPIED UNITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145,153 2,150
CONTRACT RENT
Less than $200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,363 718
$200 to $299 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,508 691
$300 to $499 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,750 1,660
$500 to $749 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42,701 1,343
$750 to $999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,937 477
$1,000 or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,851 363
No cash rent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,043 375
Median (dollars) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435 7
GROSS RENT
Less than $200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,641 628
$200 to $299 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,270 492
$300 to $499 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,350 1,366
$500 to $749 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,026 1,612
$750 to $999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,023 796
$1,000 to $1,499 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,032 431
$1,500 or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 768 189
No cash rent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,043 375
Median (dollars) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 538 3
GROSS RENT AS A PERCENTAGE OF 1997 ADJUSTED HOUSEHOLD INCOME
Less than 20 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41,839 1,331
20 to 24 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,434 953
25 to 29 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,143 877
30 to 34 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,395 806
35 percent or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47,008 1,402
Not computed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,334 447
In the past, the decennial census both counted the population (with the short form) and obtained housing, social and economic information by asking a portion of households to fill out the long form. Since this was done only once every 10 years, long-form information became badly out of date toward the end of each decade, so that planners and other data users were reluctant to rely on it. The American Community Survey will be an on-going monthly household survey that eventually will replace the census long form.
The survey, as part of the Continuous Measurement System, is a new approach for collecting accurate, timely information needed for critical government functions. This new approach will provide more accurate and up-to-date profiles of America's communities every year, not just every 10 years. Community leaders and other data users would have more timely information for planning and evaluating public programs for everyone from newborns to the elderly.
The American Community Survey will provide estimates of housing, social, and economic characteristics every year for all states, as well as for all cities, counties, metropolitan areas, and population groups of 65,000 persons or more.
For smaller areas, it will take two to five years to sample the same number of households as sampled in the decennial census. For example, for rural areas and city neighborhoods or population groups of less than 15,000 people, it will take five years to accumulate a sample the size of the decennial census.
Once the American Community Survey is in full operation, the multi-year estimates of characteristics will be updated each year for every governmental unit, for components of the population, and for census tracts and block groups.
For more information about the ACS, including methodology and definition of terms, refer to the Census Bureau's web-site listed below.