Standard
Error
TOTAL POPULATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 992,282 0
SEX
Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479,236 0
Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513,046 0
AGE
Under 3 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,713 1,279
3 to 4 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,596 1,060
5 to 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176,764 2,384
18 to 24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107,823 1,939
25 to 34 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174,754 2,373
35 to 44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171,619 2,356
45 to 54 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117,377 2,012
55 to 61 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,549 1,408
62 to 64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,054 877
65 to 74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,043 1,438
75 to 84 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,021 1,118
85 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,969 556
Median age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.0 0.1
Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250,073 2,705
Percent of total population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.2% 0.3
65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97,033 1,851
Percent of total population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.8% 0.2
HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE
Total households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427,210 688
Family households (families) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262,936 2,097
Married-couple families . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189,326 2,087
Percent of total households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.3% 0.5
Other family, male householder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,301 784
Other family, female householder . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57,309 1,401
Nonfamily households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164,274 2,032
Percent of total households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.5% 0.5
Householder living alone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129,859 1,909
Householder 65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,913 1,116
Persons living in households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 992,282 0
Persons per household . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.32 0.01
RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN
White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 782,697 3,468
Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174,816 0
Percent of total population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.6% 0.0
American Indian, Eskimo, and Aleut . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,058 542
Percent of total population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.4% 0.2
Asian and Pacific Islander . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,183 1,310
Percent of total population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4% 0.2
Other race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,528 687
Hispanic origin (of any race) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,502 909
Percent of total population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2% 0.2
White, not of Hispanic origin (of any race) . . . . . . . . . 777,141 3,501
Percent of total population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.3% 0.4
SCHOOL ENROLLMENT
Persons 3 years and over enrolled in school . . . . . . 275,174 2,789
Preprimary school . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,552 968
Elementary or high school . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162,131 2,304
Vocational, technical, or business school . . . . . . . . . . 10,071 625
College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,420 1,681
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Persons 25 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 634,386 2,992
Less than 9th grade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,928 916
9th to 12th grade, no diploma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,543 1,558
High school graduate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166,632 2,329
Some college, no degree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120,085 2,032
Vocational, technical, or business school degree . . . . . . 33,594 1,127
Associate degree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,121 1,069
Bachelor's degree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129,762 2,101
Graduate or professional degree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,721 1,549
Percent high school graduate or higher . . . . . . . . . . . 86.1% 0.3
Percent bachelor's degree or higher . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.8% 0.4
RESIDENCE 5 YEARS AGO
Persons 5 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 918,973 1,630
Same house 5 years ago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429,935 4,210
Different house in the U.S. 5 years ago . . . . . . . . . . . 475,717 4,245
Same county . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319,066 3,968
Different county . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156,651 3,098
Same State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,690 2,228
Different State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82,961 2,352
Abroad 5 years ago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,321 978
DISABILITY STATUS OF CIVILIAN NONINSTITUTIONALIZED
PERSONS 5 YEARS OLD AND OVER
Persons 5 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 918,242 1,637
With a disability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100,609 1,881
Persons 5 to 15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149,268 2,227
With one or more functional limitations . . . . . . . . . . . 4,052 397
Seeing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,226 295
Hearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,755 262
Walking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 907 188
Persons 16 to 64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 671,941 2,913
With a disability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,723 1,470
With one or more functional limitations . . . . . . . . . . . 45,507 1,303
Seeing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,495 820
Hearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,838 704
Walking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,148 1,016
Difficulty going outside alone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,400 841
Prevented from working . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,726 1,062
Persons 65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97,033 1,851
With a disability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,834 1,193
With one or more functional limitations . . . . . . . . . . . 33,756 1,129
Seeing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,095 711
Hearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,573 697
Walking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,595 969
Difficulty going outside alone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,048 810
CHILDREN EVER BORN PER 1,000 WOMEN
Women 15 to 24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 19
Women 25 to 34 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,154 30
Women 35 to 44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,748 37
VETERAN STATUS
Civilian veterans 16 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97,913 1,689
65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,526 914
NATIVITY AND PLACE OF BIRTH
Native population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 951,318 1,690
Percent born in State of residence . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.9% 0.4
Foreign-born population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40,964 1,690
Entered U.S. 1990 to 1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,669 1,092
LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME
Persons 5 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 918,973 1,630
Speak a language other than English . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,628 1,679
Do not speak English "very well" . . . . . . . . . . . 19,057 1,011
Speak Spanish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,322 815
Do not speak English "very well" . . . . . . . . . . . 3,244 420
Speak Asian and Pacific Island language . . . . . . . . . 15,809 922
Do not speak English "very well" . . . . . . . . . . . 8,079 662
ANCESTRY
Total ancestries reported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1,198,979 6,680
Arab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,997 659
Austrian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,487 425
Belgian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 583 206
Canadian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,371 316
Czech . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,862 593
Danish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,694 351
Dutch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,232 1,338
English . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126,613 2,835
Finnish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,438 323
French (except Basque) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,206 1,362
French Canadian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,392 318
German . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277,018 3,811
Greek . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,625 638
Hungarian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,765 839
Irish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168,651 3,191
Italian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,556 2,080
Lithuanian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,037 275
Norwegian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,253 486
Polish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23,427 1,290
Portuguese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 749 233
Romanian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,528 333
Russian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,875 754
Scotch-Irish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23,665 1,296
Scottish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,810 1,273
Slovak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,551 507
Subsaharan African . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,425 866
Swedish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,793 750
Swiss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,101 608
Ukrainian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,283 407
United States or American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,989 2,117
Welsh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,933 1,162
West Indian (excluding Hispanic origin groups) . . . . . . . 1,100 283
Yugoslavian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,072 472
Other ancestries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273,898 3,798
LABOR FORCE STATUS
Persons 16 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 769,705 2,599
In labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560,959 2,808
Percent in labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.9% 0.3
Civilian labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560,228 2,808
Employed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 534,756 2,824
Unemployed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,472 896
Percent unemployed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5% 0.2
Armed Forces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 731 154
Not in labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208,746 2,309
Males 16 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365,310 3,005
In labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292,201 2,582
Percent in labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.0% 0.4
Civilian labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291,666 2,580
Employed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280,164 2,550
Unemployed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,502 606
Percent unemployed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9% 0.2
Armed Forces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 535 131
Not in labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,109 1,480
Females 16 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404,395 3,062
In labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268,758 2,517
Percent in labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.5% 0.4
Civilian labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268,562 2,517
Employed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254,592 2,474
Unemployed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,970 667
Percent unemployed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2% 0.2
Armed Forces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 90
Not in labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135,637 1,946
Females 16 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404,395 3,062
With own children under 6 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61,131 1,634
Percent in labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.7% 1.3
With own children 6 to 17 years only . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,415 1,699
Percent in labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.1% 1.0
Own children under 6 years in families and subfamilies . 82,591 1,878
All parents present in household in labor force . . . . . . . 56,066 1,569
Own children 6 to 17 years in families and subfamilies . 152,283 2,450
All parents present in household in labor force . . . . . . . 113,539 2,164
Persons 16 to 19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,032 1,376
Not enrolled in school and not high school graduate . . . . . 5,917 480
Employed or in Armed Forces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,536 315
Unemployed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,719 259
Not in labor force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,662 255
COMMUTING TO WORK
Workers 16 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 518,609 3,112
Car, truck, or van--drove alone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425,187 3,083
Car, truck, or van--carpooled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,308 1,367
Public transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,703 727
Walked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,996 652
Other means . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,808 433
Worked at home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,607 725
Mean travel time to work (minutes) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.1 0.2
OCCUPATION
Employed persons 16 years and over . . . . . . . . . . 534,756 3,106
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations . . . . 85,550 1,749
Professional specialty occupations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92,143 1,808
Technicians and related support occupations . . . . . . . . . 18,606 845
Sales occupations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,385 1,620
Administrative support occupations, including clerical . . . 93,042 1,816
Private household occupations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,178 292
Protective service occupations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,381 570
Service occupations, except protective and household . . . . 55,863 1,436
Farming, forestry, and fishing occupations . . . . . . . . . 4,108 400
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations . . . . . 39,801 1,223
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors . . . . . . . . 20,587 888
Transportation and material moving occupations . . . . . . . 19,893 873
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers . . . . . 22,219 922
INDUSTRY
Employed persons 16 years and over . . . . . . . . . . 534,756 3,106
Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,040 397
Mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302 109
Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,818 992
Manufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57,850 1,460
Transportation, communications and other public utilities . . 36,672 1,175
Wholesale trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23,884 955
Retail trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106,230 1,926
Finance, insurance, and real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,759 1,385
Business and repair services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41,030 1,241
Personal services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,072 762
Entertainment and recreation services . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,496 574
Professional and related services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131,271 2,111
Public administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,332 1,106
CLASS OF WORKER
Employed persons 16 years and over . . . . . . . . . . 534,756 3,106
Private for profit wage and salary workers . . . . . . . . . 368,558 3,011
Private not-for-profit wage and salary workers . . . . . . . 44,747 1,293
Local government workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,404 1,091
State government workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,672 1,191
Federal government workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,632 671
Self-employed workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40,186 1,228
Unpaid family workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557 148
1997 ADJUSTED INCOME
Households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427,210 688
Less than $5,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,839 725
$5,000 to $9,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,925 1,046
$10,000 to $14,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,299 1,068
$15,000 to $24,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,102 1,469
$25,000 to $34,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,210 1,421
$35,000 to $49,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,262 1,561
$50,000 to $74,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86,298 1,656
$75,000 to $99,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36,079 1,140
$100,000 to $149,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,972 905
$150,000 or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,224 625
Median household income (1997 adjusted dollars) . . . . . 37,514 356
Families . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262,936 2,354
Less than $5,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,614 502
$5,000 to $9,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,936 612
$10,000 to $14,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,899 667
$15,000 to $24,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,755 1,016
$25,000 to $34,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,759 1,045
$35,000 to $49,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,787 1,257
$50,000 to $74,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,649 1,381
$75,000 to $99,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,507 1,027
$100,000 to $149,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,860 828
$150,000 or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,170 588
Median family income (1997 adjusted dollars) . . . . . . 47,101 573
Nonfamily households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164,274 1,293
Less than $5,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,195 561
$5,000 to $9,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,299 871
$10,000 to $14,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,766 881
$15,000 to $24,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,047 1,125
$25,000 to $34,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,647 1,025
$35,000 to $49,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,022 944
$50,000 to $74,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,298 850
$75,000 to $99,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,253 406
$100,000 to $149,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,807 330
$150,000 or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 940 192
Median nonfamily household income (1997 adjusted dollars) . . 24,243 304
Per capita income (1997 adjusted dollars) . . . . . . . . . . 20,189 197
INCOME TYPE
Households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427,210 688
With wage or salary income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352,211 1,304
Mean wage or salary income (1997 adjusted dollars) . . . 46,241 523
With self-employment income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46,940 934
Mean self-employment income (1997 adjusted dollars) . . . 21,926 1,341
With Social Security income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88,431 1,216
Mean Social Security income (1997 adjusted dollars) . . . 9,949 150
With retirement income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,544 1,071
Mean retirement income (1997 adjusted dollars) . . . . . 13,266 332
With public assistance income or noncash benefit(s) . . . . 60,588 1,043
POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS
All persons for whom poverty status is determined . . . . 987,220 525
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 120,206 2,403
Persons 18 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 742,209 2,705
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 79,603 2,000
Persons 65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97,033 1,851
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 9,670 723
Related children under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244,026 2,683
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 39,696 1,776
Related children under 5 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,387 1,610
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 13,261 1,041
Related children 5 to 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172,639 2,362
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 26,435 1,459
Unrelated individuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218,594 2,582
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 46,492 1,915
All families . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262,936 2,354
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 23,514 915
With related children under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . 143,304 1,597
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 19,505 841
With related children under 5 years . . . . . . . . . . . 59,529 1,342
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 10,107 617
Female householder, no husband present families . . . . . 57,309 1,324
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 14,701 737
With related children under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . 40,388 1,156
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 13,353 704
With related children under 5 years . . . . . . . . . . . 15,086 746
Income in the past 12 months below poverty level . . 6,583 501
Percent below poverty level:
All persons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.2% 0.2
Persons 18 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.7% 0.3
Persons 65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.0% 0.7
Related children under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.3% 0.7
Related children under 5 years . . . . . . . . . . . 18.6% 1.3
Related children 5 to 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . 15.3% 0.8
Unrelated individuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.3% 0.6
All families . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.9% 0.3
With related children under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . 13.6% 0.6
With related children under 5 years . . . . . . . . . 17.0% 1.0
Female householder, no husband families . . . . . . . . . . . 25.7% 1.1
With related children under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . 33.1% 1.5
With related children under 5 years . . . . . . . . . 43.6% 2.5
TOTAL HOUSING UNITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459,284 1,052
UNITS IN STRUCTURE
1-unit, detached . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248,969 1,920
1-unit, attached . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,177 1,025
2 to 4 units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,362 1,293
5 to 9 units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46,548 1,163
10 or more units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,602 1,331
Mobile home or trailer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,626 424
Boat, RV, van, etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 90
YEAR STRUCTURE BUILT
1990 or later . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,989 1,200
1980 to 1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79,169 1,456
1970 to 1979 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90,678 1,534
1960 to 1969 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77,203 1,441
1950 to 1959 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,909 1,359
1940 to 1949 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,663 976
1939 or earlier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,673 1,332
AGE OF STRUCTURE
Less than 2.0 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,443 487
2.0 to 4.9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,185 808
5.0 to 9.9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41,833 1,109
10.0 to 19.9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,843 1,423
20.0 to 29.9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88,954 1,523
30.0 to 39.9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,174 1,418
40.0 to 49.9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,966 1,308
50.0 years or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89,886 1,529
BEDROOMS
No bedroom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,836 475
1 bedroom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,515 1,413
2 bedrooms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143,362 1,964
3 bedrooms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172,301 2,052
4 bedrooms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,542 1,528
5 or more bedrooms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,728 579
SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS
Lacking complete plumbing facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,242 419
Lacking complete kitchen facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,528 573
Owner-occupied condominium housing units . . . . . . . . . . 18,037 674
With central heating system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447,243 1,244
With air conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374,862 1,840
SOURCE OF WATER
Public system or private company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443,437 1,358
Individual drilled well . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,483 793
Individual dug well . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 953 261
Some other source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411 156
SEWAGE DISPOSAL
Public sewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439,989 1,319
Septic tank or cesspool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,942 773
Other means . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,353 240
VACANT HOUSING UNITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,074 1,670
VACANCY CHARACTERISTICS
For rent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,442 1,143
For sale only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,662 657
For seasonal, recreational, or occasional use . . . . . . . . 3,731 588
All other vacants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,239 920
Homeowner vacancy rate (percent) . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9% 0.4
Rental vacancy rate (percent) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3% 0.6
Occupied housing units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427,210 982
OCCUPANCY AND TENURE
Owner occupied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243,015 1,924
Percent owner occupied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.9% 0.4
Renter occupied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184,195 1,889
Persons per owner-occupied unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.52 0.02
Persons per renter-occupied unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.06 0.02
Units with over 1 person per room . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,258 447
RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN OF HOUSEHOLDER
White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341,806 1,681
Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,373 1,404
Percent of occupied units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.9% 0.3
American Indian, Eskimo, and Aleut . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,698 234
Percent of occupied units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.4% 0.2
Asian and Pacific Islander . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,083 537
Percent of occupied units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1% 0.2
Other race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,250 269
Hispanic origin (of any race) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,155 438
Percent of occupied units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0% 0.2
HOUSE HEATING FUEL
Utility gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331,633 1,554
Bottled, tank, or LP gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,546 343
Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83,973 1,341
Fuel oil, kerosene, etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,311 371
Coal or coke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 81
Wood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 561 121
Solar energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 81
Other fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 792 144
No fuel used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352 96
LENGTH AT RESIDENCE
Less than 12 months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86,190 1,655
1.0 to 1.9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,807 1,416
2.0 to 4.9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87,142 1,662
5.0 to 9.9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,670 1,538
10.0 to 19.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,404 1,391
20.0 to 29.9 .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,740 1,136
30.0 years or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,257 1,068
TELEPHONE
No telephone in unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,097 641
VEHICLES AVAILABLE
None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,024 1,125
1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158,516 2,015
2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173,093 2,054
3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,984 1,272
4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,410 660
5 or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,183 352
SPECIFIED OWNER-OCCUPIED UNITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224,568 2,119
VALUE
Less than $50,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,701 639
$50,000 to $99,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92,588 1,701
$100,000 to $149,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,380 1,500
$150,000 to $199,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,262 1,052
$200,000 to $299,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,893 775
$300,000 to $499,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,968 480
$500,000 or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,776 263
Median (dollars) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101,000 3,200
MORTGAGE STATUS AND SELECTED MONTHLY OWNER COSTS
With a mortgage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176,952 2,063
Less than $300 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,668 255
$300 to $499 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,659 638
$500 to $699 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,500 988
$700 to $999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,011 1,408
$1,000 to $1,499 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,442 1,381
$1,500 to $1,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,272 784
$2,000 or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,400 568
Median (dollars) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 960 5
Not mortgaged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47,616 1,292
Less than $100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 99
$100 to $199 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,480 460
$200 to $299 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,470 811
$300 to $399 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,737 669
$400 or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,728 696
Median (dollars) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305 6
MORTGAGE STATUS BY SELECTED MONTHLY OWNER COSTS AS A
PERCENTAGE OF 1997 ADJUSTED HOUSEHOLD INCOME
With a mortgage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176,952 2,063
Less than 20 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77,623 1,589
20 to 24 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,227 1,113
25 to 29 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23,001 925
30 to 34 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,645 694
35 percent or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,123 1,033
Not computed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333 114
Not mortgaged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47,616 1,292
Less than 10 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,847 841
10 to 14 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,811 643
15 to 19 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,963 518
20 to 24 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,768 382
25 to 29 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,278 298
30 to 34 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,508 242
35 percent or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,251 355
Not computed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 99
SPECIFIED RENTER-OCCUPIED UNITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183,957 2,266
CONTRACT RENT
Less than $200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,504 753
$200 to $299 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,862 763
$300 to $499 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86,297 1,806
$500 to $749 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,153 1,515
$750 to $999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,646 592
$1,000 or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,103 435
No cash rent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,392 450
Median (dollars) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445 6
GROSS RENT
Less than $200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,361 653
$200 to $299 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,263 536
$300 to $499 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,221 1,492
$500 to $749 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82,789 1,778
$750 to $999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,878 941
$1,000 to $1,499 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,636 509
$1,500 or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,417 256
No cash rent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,392 450
Median (dollars) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 550 4
GROSS RENT AS A PERCENTAGE OF 1997 ADJUSTED HOUSEHOLD INCOME
Less than 20 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,908 1,500
20 to 24 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,364 1,076
25 to 29 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,469 976
30 to 34 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,989 897
35 percent or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57,471 1,530
Not computed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,756 514
In the past, the decennial census both counted the population (with the short form) and obtained housing, social and economic information by asking a portion of households to fill out the long form. Since this was done only once every 10 years, long-form information became badly out of date toward the end of each decade, so that planners and other data users were reluctant to rely on it. The American Community Survey will be an on-going monthly household survey that eventually will replace the census long form.
The survey, as part of the Continuous Measurement System, is a new approach for collecting accurate, timely information needed for critical government functions. This new approach will provide more accurate and up-to-date profiles of America's communities every year, not just every 10 years. Community leaders and other data users would have more timely information for planning and evaluating public programs for everyone from newborns to the elderly.
The American Community Survey will provide estimates of housing, social, and economic characteristics every year for all states, as well as for all cities, counties, metropolitan areas, and population groups of 65,000 persons or more.
For smaller areas, it will take two to five years to sample the same number of households as sampled in the decennial census. For example, for rural areas and city neighborhoods or population groups of less than 15,000 people, it will take five years to accumulate a sample the size of the decennial census.
Once the American Community Survey is in full operation, the multi-year estimates of characteristics will be updated each year for every governmental unit, for components of the population, and for census tracts and block groups.
For more information about the ACS, including methodology and definition of terms, refer to the Census Bureau's web-site listed below.